Anatomy

acterial diseases Because bacteria are prokaryotes, it has been relatively easy to find and flirt up antibacterial drugs that nourish minimal side effects. These drugs tar reap morphological features and metabolic characteristics of prokaryotes that are signifi dischargetly divergent from those in eukaryotic cells. Drugs employ to treat bacterial diseases can be separate into categories based on their modes of action. In general, these drugs master cell paries synthetic thinking, protein subtraction, nucleic dosage synthesis, or separate enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The penicillins and cephalosporins all interfere with the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in prokaryotic cell walls. Because eukaryotes have neither the peptidoglycan components nor the enzymes that synthesize them, these drugs do non affect the host cells. A second class of drugs, including chloramphenicol, the tetracyclines, and erythromycin, constipate to prokaryotic ribo whatsoevers and inhibi t protein synthesis. prokaryotic ribosomes are structurally divergent from eukaryotic ribosomes, so these drugs have minimal effect on eukaryotic cells. Nevertheless, some of them whitethorn be toxic to some human tissues when they are used in high doses or for prolonged periods of time.

Rifampicin is one of the antibiotics oftentimes used for treating tuberculosis. This drug inhibits prokaryotic RNA synthesis. DNA synthesis in prokaryotes may be inhibited by the fluoroquinolones. In contrast, the sulfonamides stop bacterial infections by inhibiting other enzymes. Sulfonamides interfere with the synthesis of folic corrosive, a vitamin necessary for nucleic! acid synthesis. Most bacteria mustiness synthesize their throw folic acid because their membranes are impermeable to outside folic acid. Mammalian cells are non affected by sulfonamides because they are unable to make their own folic acid and have evolved mechanisms for transporting immaterial folic acid across their membranes. handling of viral diseasesIf you want to get a full essay, state it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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